Search results for "cultural influence"
showing 10 items of 14 documents
Psychometric properties of measures of sociocultural influence and internalization of appearance ideals across eight countries
2020
The aim of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of two well-established measures of sociocultural influence and internalization of the thin/low body fat ideal and muscular ideal. Data from 6272 emerging adults (68.9 % female), aged 18-30 years from Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Italy, Japan, Spain, and the U.S. were included in this study. Participants completed measures of pressure from mother, fathers, peers, and media, to both increase muscles and lose weight, as well as internalization of the thin/low body fat ideal and muscular ideal. Overall, support for partial invariance was found across the scales. In addition, group level differences were found between…
Sputniks cubanos. De cómo la URSS ocupó la imaginación de una generación
2015
Resumen: A pesar de la cierta marginalidad de la ciencia ficcion en Cuba, esta no estuvo exenta de la influencia cultural que sufrio la isla al sovietizarse. De la URSS y el entorno comunista llegaron cientos de obras del genero, al mismo tiempo que la produccion local se reducia a cero en los anos setenta. Los autores cubanos tomaron partido, unos defendieron los nuevos estilos e ideas venidos del Este; otros decidieron seguir su camino, algunas veces, a contracorriente. Abstract: Despite the somewhat marginalization of science fiction in Cuba, the genre could not avoid the cultural influence that the island experienced when it adopted Soviet cannons. From the USSR and the Communist allies…
Under diagnosis of adult ADHD: cultural influences and societal burden.
2012
Objective: To explore the literature focusing on cultural influences in the diagnosis of adult ADHD and respective societal burden. Method: A review of the literature over the past 10 years was performed using OVID. Results: Although numerous articles focused on diagnosis and burden of adult ADHD, few focused on cultural factors influencing diagnosis. Like other mental health disorders, cultural and social perspectives contribute to our understanding of adult ADHD and may play a significant role in the diagnosis and varying acceptance of the condition. Moreover, adults with ADHD may underestimate the impact of ADHD symptoms, and in many cases have learned to compensate for ADHD related imp…
Adolescent coping with everyday stressors: A seven-nation study of youth from central, eastern, southern, and northern Europe
2007
The present study compares problem-specific coping strategies and coping styles of European adolescents from seven nations. The sample consisted of 3031 adolescent participants, aged 11 to 20, from Croatia, the Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Norway, Portugal, and Switzerland. The adolescents completed the Coping Across Situations Questionnaire (CASQ) by indicating which coping strategies (from 20 alternatives) they usually employed in dealing with age-specific problems (covering 8 different domains). The strategies can be collapsed to three coping styles: active coping, internal coping, and withdrawal. Results show that adolescents from all seven nations predominantly employed functional f…
Analysis of demographic, psychological and cultural aspects associated with the practice of sexting in Mexican and Spanish adolescents
2021
Abstract Sexting is an increasingly frequent phenomenon among adolescents, and it involves risky behaviors such as sextortion or even grooming. This study aims to analyze demographic, psychological, and cultural variables that may explain the nature of this phenomenon. The sample consisted of 471 adolescents from 12 to 18 years old from two countries, Spain and Mexico, with dissimilar levels of gender inequality. Results highlight important differences in sexting behavior between the two countries. We have found higher levels of sexting behaviors in Mexican adolescents (41.5 %) than in Spanish adolescents (24.6 %) as well as an earlier start in Mexican adolescents. Moreover, adolescents in …
Nordic PISA 2000 in a sociocultural perspective
2004
The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is an international study coordinated by governments of participating countries, through the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Dev...
Inclusive Education as Perceived by Prospective Special Education Teachers in Estonia, Finland, and the United States
1997
A survey of 125 prospective undergraduate special education teachers assessed perceptions and beliefs about inclusive education in Estonia, Finland, and the United States. The attitudes toward inclusion were rather critical. The Estonians were the most critical group; the Finns, the least critical. The findings suggest that prospective special educators' perceptions about inclusion are related to the prevailing implementation of inclusive education. The results support also the idea that perceptions about a person with a disability are connected with possible actions toward this person.
Human resource development roles and competencies in five European countries
1998
This article compares HRD practitioners’ self-assessments based on their work roles, outputs and competencies from England, the Netherlands, Italy, Germany and Finland. The comparison is based on results produced by European surveys conducted between 1992–96, which adopted their model from an earlier study of HRD practitioners in the USA. In terms of work roles, the findings showed the culture-bound nature of HRD work and also, through the appearance of new work roles, its close relation to changes in working life. English and the Finnish HRD practitioners in particular, seemed to perceive themselves as agents of change while for the Germans, the role of trainer still seemed valid. In terms…
What Does It Mean to Be Popular in Spain? Mixed-Method Analysis of Popularity as Perceived by Teenagers and Their Teachers
2019
A great part of the research in adolescent popularity is based on sociometric methods, not always distinguishing between social preference (acceptance or likeability) and perceived popularity (visibility or salience), which has practical and theoretical implications. The aim of this work was to analyze the features that a sample of 406 Spanish adolescents (53.2% girls, M = 16.76 years) and their teachers (n = 26, 50% women) associated with perceived popularity. The data analysis established three main themes that categorize perceived popularity: behaviors, developmental traits, and other resources, which include both peer-valued and not valued characteristics. Qualitative and quantitative c…
I Like Cities; Do You Like Letters? Introducing Urban Typography in Art Education
2010
This article proposes a study of the letters and graphics found in the city, while at the same time opening up unusual spaces linked to the cultural arena and visual geographies for the creation of learning spaces in art education, introducing urban typography for training teachers. The letters in urban spaces can help us reinterpret the patrimonial fabric of cities. With the help of typography, visual arts educators have a powerful graphic resource with which to articulate the complex communicative network of streets. We suggest walking as an aesthetic practice; strolling around the city as a very cultural means to motivate our students. We have at our disposal in our cities a genuine muse…